Test Code PLSD Lysosomal and Peroxisomal Disorders Screen, Blood Spot
Reporting Name
Lysosomal/Peroxisomal D/O Scrn, BSPerforming Laboratory
Mayo Clinic Laboratories in RochesterUseful For
Evaluation of patients with a clinical presentation suggestive of a lysosomal disorder, specifically Gaucher, infantile neurovisceral or chronic visceral acid sphingomyelinase deficiency,, Pompe, Krabbe, or Fabry disease, or mucopolysaccharidosis I or II; or a peroxisomal disorder, either X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy or Zellweger spectrum disorders
Method Name
Flow Injection Analysis Tandem Mass Spectrometry (MS/MS)
Ordering Guidance
To evaluate adult patients with a clinical presentation suggestive of adrenomyeloneuropathy, the recommended test is POX / Fatty Acid Profile, Peroxisomal (C22-C26), Serum. Lysophosphatidylcholine concentrations may not be consistently elevated in adult blood spots.
Specimen Required
Supplies: Card-Blood Spot Collection (Filter Paper) (T493)
Container/Tube:
Preferred: Blood Spot Collection Card
Acceptable: PerkinElmer 226 filter paper, Munktell filter paper, Whatman Protein Saver 903 paper, local newborn screening card, or blood collected in tubes containing ACD or EDTA and dried on acceptable filter paper
Specimen Volume: 2 Blood spots
Collection Instructions:
1. An alternative blood collection option for a patient older than 1 year is a fingerstick. For detailed instructions, see How to Collect Dried Blood Spot Samples.
2. Completely fill at least 2 circles on the filter paper card (approximately 100 microliters blood per circle).
3. Let blood dry on the filter paper at ambient temperature in a horizontal position for a minimum of 3 hours.
4. Do not expose specimen to heat or direct sunlight.
5. Do not stack wet specimens.
6. Keep specimen dry.
Additional Information:
1. For collection instructions, see Blood Spot Collection Instructions
2. For collection instructions in Spanish, see Blood Spot Collection Card-Spanish Instructions (T777)
3. For collection instructions in Chinese, see Blood Spot Collection Card-Chinese Instructions (T800)
Specimen Type
Whole bloodSpecimen Minimum Volume
1 Blood spot
Specimen Stability Information
Specimen Type | Temperature | Time | Special Container |
---|---|---|---|
Whole blood | Refrigerated (preferred) | 90 days | FILTER PAPER |
Frozen | 90 days | FILTER PAPER | |
Ambient | 28 days | FILTER PAPER |
Reject Due To
Blood spot specimen that shows serum rings or has multiple layers | Reject |
Insufficient specimen | Reject |
Specimens known to have been exposed to elevated temperatures above ambient | Reject |
Reference Values
Disease |
Marker |
Normal range |
Gaucher |
Acid beta-glucosidase |
≥1.75 nmol/mL/hr |
Niemann-Pick A/B |
Sphingomyelinase |
≥2.5 nmol/mL/hr |
Pompe |
Acid alpha-glucosidase |
≥3.0 nmol/mL/hr |
Krabbe |
Galactocerebrosidase |
≥0.4 nmol/mL/hr |
Fabry |
Alpha-galactosidase |
≥2.00nmol/mL/hr |
MPS I |
Alpha-L-iduronidase |
≥1.5 nmol/mL/hr |
MPS II |
Iduronate 2-sulfatase |
≥4.0 nmol/mL/hr |
NA |
C20 Lysophosphatidylcholine |
≤1.81 nmol/mL |
NA |
C22 Lysophosphatidylcholine |
≤0.43 nmol/mL |
ALD/PBD/ALDH |
C24 Lysophosphatidylcholine |
≤0.49 nmol/mL |
ALD/PBD/ALDH |
C26 Lysophosphatidylcholine |
≤0.47 nmol/mL |
Interpretation
When abnormal results are detected, a detailed interpretation is given, including an overview of the results and of their significance, a correlation to available clinical information, elements of differential diagnosis, recommendations for additional biochemical testing and in vitro confirmatory studies (enzyme assay, molecular analysis), and a phone number to reach one of the laboratory directors in case the referring physician has additional questions.
Abnormal results are not sufficient to conclusively establish a diagnosis of a particular disease. To verify a preliminary diagnosis based on the analysis, independent biochemical (eg, in vitro enzyme assay) or molecular genetic analyses are required.
Day(s) Performed
Monday through Sunday
Report Available
2 daysTest Classification
This test was developed and its performance characteristics determined by Mayo Clinic in a manner consistent with CLIA requirements. It has not been cleared or approved by the US Food and Drug Administration.CPT Code Information
83789
LOINC Code Information
Test ID | Test Order Name | Order LOINC Value |
---|---|---|
PLSD | Lysosomal/Peroxisomal D/O Scrn, BS | 105458-4 |
Result ID | Test Result Name | Result LOINC Value |
---|---|---|
34811 | Acid Beta-Glucosidase | 55917-9 |
34812 | Sphingomyelinase | 62316-5 |
34813 | Acid Alpha-Glucosidase | 55827-0 |
34814 | Galactocerebrosidase | 62310-8 |
34815 | Alpha-Galactosidase | 55908-8 |
34816 | Alpha-L-Iduronidase | 55909-6 |
620785 | Iduronate 2-Sulfatase | 79462-8 |
34817 | C20 Lysophosphatidylcholine | 90920-0 |
34818 | C22 Lysophosphatidylcholine | 90921-8 |
34819 | C24 Lysophosphatidylcholine | 90922-6 |
34820 | C26 Lysophosphatidylcholine | 90923-4 |
34821 | Interpretation (PLSD) | 62301-7 |
34822 | Reviewed By | 18771-6 |
Forms
1. New York Clients-Informed consent is required. Document on the request form or electronic order that a copy is on file. The following documents are available:
-Informed Consent for Genetic Testing (T576)
-Informed Consent for Genetic Testing-Spanish (T826)
2. Biochemical Genetics Patient Information (T602)
3. If not ordering electronically, complete, print, and send a Biochemical Genetics Test Request (T798) with the specimen.
Reflex Tests
Test ID | Reporting Name | Available Separately | Always Performed |
---|---|---|---|
MPSBS | Mucopolysaccharidosis, BS | Yes | No |
PSY | Psychosine, BS | Yes | No |
GPSY | Glucopsychosine, BS | Yes | No |
OXYBS | Oxysterols, BS | Yes | No |
LPCBS | LysoPC by LC MS/MS, BS | Yes | No |
PDBS | Pompe Disease, BS | Yes | No |
LGBBS | Globotriaosylsphingosine, BS | Yes | No |
Special Instructions
- Informed Consent for Genetic Testing
- Biochemical Genetics Patient Information
- Blood Spot Collection Card-Spanish Instructions
- Newborn Screen Follow-up for X-Linked Adrenoleukodystrophy
- Newborn Screen Follow-up for Pompe Disease
- Newborn Screen Follow-up for Mucopolysaccharidosis Type I
- Newborn Screen Follow-up for Gaucher Disease
- Newborn Screen Follow up for Fabry Disease
- Epilepsy: Unexplained Refractory and/or Familial Testing Algorithm
- Informed Consent for Genetic Testing (Spanish)
- Blood Spot Collection Instructions
- Newborn Screen Follow-up for Acid Sphingomyelinase Deficiency
Testing Algorithm
First-tier results will be reviewed, and second-tier screening performed at a clinical biochemical geneticist's discretion at an additional charge. This minimizes the false-positive rate and maximizes the positive predictive value of screening for these disorders.
For more information see:
Newborn Screen Follow up for Fabry Disease
Newborn Screen Follow-up for Gaucher Disease
Newborn Screen Follow-up for Mucopolysaccharidosis Type I
Newborn Screen Follow-up for Pompe Disease
Newborn Screen Follow-up for X-Linked Adrenoleukodystrophy
If the patient has abnormal newborn screening results for X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy or a lysosomal disorder, immediate actions should be taken. Refer to the appropriate American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics Newborn Screening ACT Sheet.(1)